LIBS Info: Element Analysis
| Title | Authors | Material | Detector | Spectrometer | Software |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Quantitative determination of wear metals in engine oils using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy: A comparison between liquid jets and static liquids B | Pavel Yaroshchyk, Richard J.S. Morrison, Doug Body, Bruce L. Chadwick | Oil (jet) | Oriel InstaSpec V | Oriel MS 257 | |
| Laser: | Nd:YAG 1064.0000nm NonemJ 2.000Hz |
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| Gate Delay: | Noneus | ||||
| Gate Width: | 1.000us | ||||
| Comparison is made between detection limits in static liquids (http://www.libs-info.com/paper/46/) and jets (this reference). Paper includes formula/theory for the calculation of the optimal focussing conditions in liquids and jets. Calibrations are then applied to the analysis of wear metals in engine oil samples. | |||||
| Element | Detection Limit (ppm) | Wavelength (nm) | Other Wavelengths (nm) | Calibration Method | Calibration Range (ppm) | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Na | 8.0000 (Stated) | 588.9950 | N/A | Univariate Calibration | 1.0000-100.0000 | Detection limit is lower than in static liquid by factor of 3. |
| Mg | 0.4000 (Stated) | 279.5530 | N/A | Univariate Calibration | 1.0000-100.0000 | Detection limit is lower than in static liquid by factor of ~4. |
| Al | 15.0000 (Stated) | 309.2700 | N/A | Univariate Calibration | 1.0000-100.0000 | Detection limit is lower than in static liquid by factor of ~2. |
| Ca | 0.4000 (Stated) | 393.3670 | N/A | Univariate Calibration | 1.0000-100.0000 | Detection limit is lower than in static liquid by factor of 15. |
| Ti | 9.3000 (Stated) | 334.9040 | N/A | Univariate Calibration | 1.0000-100.0000 | Detection limit is lower than in static liquid by factor of ~2. |
| V | 19.0000 (Stated) | 310.2300 | N/A | Univariate Calibration | 1.0000-100.0000 | Liquid jets LOD is lower than for static surface by factor ~2. |
| Cr | 43.0000 (Stated) | 425.4340 | N/A | Univariate Calibration | 1.0000-100.0000 | Only detected in liquid jet, not in static surface |
| Mn | 6.0000 (Stated) | 257.6100 | N/A | Univariate Calibration | 1.0000-100.0000 | Liquid jets LOD is lower than for static surface by factor ~3. |
| Fe | 20.0000 (Stated) | 259.9360 | N/A | Univariate Calibration | 1.0000-100.0000 | Only detected in jet, not in static surface |
| Ni | 47.0000 (Stated) | 352.4540 | N/A | Univariate Calibration | 1.0000-100.0000 | LOD only listed for liquid jets |
| Cu | 2.4000 (Stated) | 324.7540 | N/A | Univariate Calibration | 1.0000-100.0000 | Liquid jets LOD is lower than for static surface by factor ~2. |
| Zn | 11.0000 (Stated) | 202.5510 | N/A | Univariate Calibration | 1.0000-100.0000 | This LOD is practically identical to the static surfaces LOD. |
| Mo | 31.0000 (Stated) | 281.6150 | N/A | Univariate Calibration | 1.0000-100.0000 | LOD only stated for jet. |
| Ag | 3.1000 (Stated) | 328.0680 | N/A | Univariate Calibration | 1.0000-100.0000 | Liquid jets LOD is lower than for static surface by factor ~4. |
| Cd | 10.0000 (Stated) | 226.5020 | N/A | Univariate Calibration | 1.0000-100.0000 | Liquid jets LOD is lower than for static surface by factor ~2. |
| Ba | 1.4000 (Stated) | 455.5440 | N/A | Univariate Calibration | 1.0000-100.0000 | Liquid jets LOD is lower than for static surface by factor ~4. |
| Element | RMSE (ppm) | Wavelength (nm) | Calibration Method | Notes |
|---|