LIBS Info: Element Analysis
| Title | Authors | Material | Detector | Spectrometer | Software |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Investigation of matrix effects in laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy plasmas of high-alloy steel for matrix and minor elements | Jens Vrenegor, Reinhard Noll, Volker Storm | Steel | Photomultiplier | Paschen-Runge Spectrometer | |
| Laser: | Nd:YAG 1064.0000nm 160.0000mJ 10.000Hz |
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| Gate Delay: | Noneus | ||||
| Gate Width: | Noneus | ||||
| Samples are analysed using DP LIBS on a conventional (ie. Arc-Spark stand) in an Ar (20l/min) atmosphere. Ratioing to Fe 271.4nm produced better results than the raw peak intensities. Inter-element corrections (additive and multiplicative) are also applied to improve the calibration performance. %RSDs also calculated. | |||||
| Element | Detection Limit (ppm) | Wavelength (nm) | Other Wavelengths (nm) | Calibration Method | Calibration Range (ppm) | Notes |
|---|
| Element | RMSE (ppm) | Wavelength (nm) | Calibration Method | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Al | 0.0180 % | 396.1520 | Univariate Calibration | RMSE range from 0.018-0.029% depending on laser pulse energy and Single or Double Pulse LIBS |
| Cr | 0.5000 % | 286.2570 | Univariate Calibration | RMSE range from 0.5-2.09% depending on laser pulse energy, peak wavelength (286.257nm or 267.715nm) and Single or Double Pulse LIBS |
| Cu | 0.0110 % | 324.7540 | Univariate Calibration | RMSE range from 0.011-0.143% depending on laser pulse energy and Single or Double Pulse LIBS |
| Mo | 0.0500 % | 281.6150 | Univariate Calibration | RMSE range from 0.05-0.127% depending on laser pulse energy and Single or Double Pulse LIBS |
| Si | 0.0510 % | 251.6110 | Univariate Calibration | RMSE range from 0.051-0.129% depending on laser pulse energy and Single or Double Pulse LIBS |
| Ti | 0.0190 % | 337.2800 | Univariate Calibration | RMSE range from 0.019-0.048% depending on laser pulse energy and Single or Double Pulse LIBS |
| Mn | 0.0700 % | 293.3060 | Univariate Calibration | RMSE range from 0.07-0.139% depending on laser pulse energy and Single or Double Pulse LIBS |
| C | 0.0140 % | 193.0910 | Univariate Calibration | RMSE range from 0.014-0.023% depending on laser pulse energy and Single or Double Pulse LIBS |
| Ni | 0.1300 % | 225.3850 | Univariate Calibration | RMSE range from 0.13-.38% depending on laser pulse energy and Single or Double Pulse LIBS. Ratioed to 271.44nm |
| Ni | 0.3700 % | 225.3850 | Univariate Calibration | RMSE range from 0.37-1.59% depending on laser pulse energy and Single or Double Pulse LIBS. |
| Cr | 0.4800 % | 286.2570 | Univariate Calibration | RMSE range from 0.48-1.64% depending on laser pulse energy, peak wavelength and Single or Double Pulse LIBS. Ratioed to 271.44nm |
| Cu | 0.0420 % | 324.7540 | Univariate Calibration | RMSE range from 0.042-.337% depending on laser pulse energy and Single or Double Pulse LIBS. Ratioed to 271.44nm |
| Mo | 0.0380 % | 281.6150 | Univariate Calibration | RMSE range from 0.038-.055% depending on laser pulse energy and Single or Double Pulse LIBS. Ratioed to 271.44nm |
| Si | 0.0410 % | 251.6110 | Univariate Calibration | RMSE range from 0.041-0.15% depending on laser pulse energy and Single or Double Pulse LIBS. Ratioed to 271.44nm |
| Ti | 0.0180 % | 337.2800 | Univariate Calibration | RMSE range from 0.018-0.065% depending on laser pulse energy and Single or Double Pulse LIBS. Ratioed to 271.44nm |
| Mn | 0.0500 % | 293.3060 | Univariate Calibration | RMSE range from 0.05-0.144% depending on laser pulse energy and Single or Double Pulse LIBS. Ratioed to 271.44nm |
| Al | 0.0310 % | 396.1520 | Univariate Calibration | RMSE range from 0.031-0.050% depending on laser pulse energy and Single or Double Pulse LIBS. Ratioed to 271.44nm |
| C | 0.0120 % | 193.0910 | Univariate Calibration | RMSE range from 0.012-0.025% depending on laser pulse energy and Single or Double Pulse LIBS. Ratioed to 271.44nm |
| Ni | 0.0700 % | 225.3850 | Inter-Element Correction | RMSE range from 0.07-.35% depending on laser pulse energy and Single or Double Pulse LIBS. Inter-Element Correction Elements: Cr, Mo, Ti, C |
| Cr | 0.2900 % | 267.7150 | Inter-Element Correction | RMSE range from 0.29-0.37% depending on laser pulse energy and Single or Double Pulse LIBS. Inter-Element Correction Elements: Ni, Ti |
| Cu | 0.0100 % | 324.7540 | Inter-Element Correction | RMSE range from 0.01-0.142% depending on laser pulse energy and Single or Double Pulse LIBS. Inter-Element Correction Elements: Si, Mo |
| Mo | 0.0200 % | 281.6150 | Inter-Element Correction | RMSE range from 0.02-0.041% depending on laser pulse energy and Single or Double Pulse LIBS. Inter-Element Correction Elements: Cr, Ni, Cu, Ti |
| Si | 0.0430 % | 251.6110 | Inter-Element Correction | RMSE range from 0.043-0.112% depending on laser pulse energy and Single or Double Pulse LIBS. Inter-Element Correction Elements: Cr, Ti |
| Ti | 0.0180 % | 337.2800 | Inter-Element Correction | RMSE range from 0.018-0.051% depending on laser pulse energy and Single or Double Pulse LIBS. Inter-Element Correction Elements: Si |
| Mn | 0.0420 % | 293.3060 | Inter-Element Correction | RMSE range from 0.042-0.085% depending on laser pulse energy and Single or Double Pulse LIBS. Inter-Element Correction Elements: Ti |
| Al | 0.0110 % | 396.1520 | Inter-Element Correction | RMSE range from 0.011-0.017% depending on laser pulse energy and Single or Double Pulse LIBS. Inter-Element Correction Elements: Ni, Mo, Si |
| C | 0.0070 % | 193.0910 | Inter-Element Correction | RMSE range from 0.007-0.024% depending on laser pulse energy and Single or Double Pulse LIBS. Inter-Element Correction Elements: Si |