LIBS Info: Element Analysis

Title	Authors	Material	Detector	Spectrometer	Software
Analysis of liquid petroleum using a laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy instrument	Chunyi Liu, Xianglei Mao, Sudeep J. Pandey, Alexander A. Bol'shakov	Liquids	ICCD	Applied Spectra J200	Clarity
Laser:	Nd:YAG 1064.0000nm 90.0000mJ 10.000Hz
Gate Delay:	Noneus
Gate Width:	Noneus
The Authors demonstrate a method for the analysis of liquids, particularly oils, for their organic and inorganic constituents using a nebuliser. In the paper, the H/C ratio in various organic liquids is predicted with accuracy using LIBS spectra and PLSR. In addition, the detection limits for a broad range of contaminants in oil are present, which compare well with the requirements of ASTM D5185. Reproducibility of measurements, as well as some unexplained (possibly carbon) peaks at 214.85/219.0/235.36nm are discussed.

LOD
RMSEP

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Element	Detection Limit (ppm)	Wavelength (nm)	Other Wavelengths (nm)	Calibration Method	Calibration Range (ppm)	Notes
Ag	0.2000 (Calibration Curve Slope)	-10.0000	N/A	Univariate	0.0000-300.0000	Nebulised Oil Solution in Nitrogen LOD:0.37ppm for nebulised Oil Solution in Argon
Al	0.4700 (Calibration Curve Slope)	-10.0000	N/A	Univariate	0.0000-500.0000	Nebulised oil in Argon LOD: 0.49ppm for nebulised oil Solution in Nitrogen
B	0.4400 (Calibration Curve Slope)	-10.0000	N/A	Univariate	-10.0000--10.0000	Nebulised oil in Argon
Ba	1.0000 (Calibration Curve Slope)	-10.0000	N/A	Univariate	-10.0000--10.0000	Nebulised oil in Argon LOD: 1.5ppm for nebulised Aqueous Solution in Argon
Ca	0.4000 (Calibration Curve Slope)	-10.0000	N/A	Univariate	-10.0000--10.0000	Aqueous Solution in Ar LOD: 1.7ppm for nebulised Aqueous Solution in Argon
Cl	250.0000 (Calibration Curve Slope)	-10.0000	N/A	Univariate	-10.0000--10.0000	Nebulised Oil Solution in Helium LOD: 5000ppm for Nebulised Aqueous solution in He
Co	8.8000 (Calibration Curve Slope)	-10.0000	N/A	Univariate	-10.0000--10.0000	Aqueous solution in Argon
Cr	0.5000 (Calibration Curve Slope)	-10.0000	N/A	Univariate	0.0000-300.0000	Nebulised oil in Nitrogen LOD: 0.6ppm for nebulised Oil in Argon LOD: 5.8ppm for nebulised Aqueous in Argon
Cu	0.0400 (Calibration Curve Slope)	-10.0000	N/A	Univariate	0.0000-300.0000	Solution, diluted with PremiSolv in Nitrogen LOD: 6.0ppm for nebulised Aqueous Solution in Argon LOD: 0.10ppm for nebulised Oil Solution in Argon LOD: 0.11ppm for nebulised Oil Solution in Nitrogen
Fe	0.5200 (Calibration Curve Slope)	-10.0000	N/A	Univariate	0.0000-300.0000	Nebulised Oil Solution in Nitrogen LOD: 1.8ppm diluted with PremiSolv in Nitrogen LOD: 14ppm for nebulised Aqueous Solution in Argon LOD: 0.94ppm for nebulised Oil Solution in Argon

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Element	RMSE (ppm)	Wavelength (nm)	Calibration Method	Notes
Fe	6.2954 ppm	-10.0000	None	Nebulised Oil Solution in Argon(?). Normalised .
Ni	10.8538 ppm	-10.0000	None	. . . Nebulised Oil Solution in Argon(?) Nebulised Oil Solution in Argon(?) Nebulised Oil Solution in Argon(?). Normalised . .
V	33.8692 ppm	-10.0000	Univariate	. . . Nebulised Oil Solution in Argon(?)

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