LIBS Info: Element Analysis
| Title | Authors | Material | Detector | Spectrometer | Software |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy for on-line sulfur analyses of minerals in ambient conditions | M. Gaft, L. Nagli, I. Fasaki, M. Kompitsas, G. Wilsch | Coal | Andor iStar III | Oriel InstaSpec V | |
| Laser: | Nd:YAG 355.0000nm NonemJ 10.000Hz |
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| Gate Delay: | Noneus | ||||
| Gate Width: | Noneus | ||||
| The authors explore a number of different S emission wavelength regions (VUV around 180nm, green (380) and IR (around 920nm) using a range of lasers, single and double pulse LIBS and different detection systems. All face significant challenges, as not only are the emissions fairly weak, but also electronically excited S readily reacts with atmospheric oxygen resulting in a strong diminishing of the line intensity in air. While a range of minerals are studied, the end aim was the online detection of S in coal samples. | |||||
| Element | Detection Limit (ppm) | Wavelength (nm) | Other Wavelengths (nm) | Calibration Method | Calibration Range (ppm) | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| S | 100000.0000 (Minimum Concentration Detected) | 921.3000 | N/A | Univariate | -10.0000--10.0000 | Best results in this region from UV laser (355nm) excitation. |
| S | 50000.0000 (Minimum Concentration Detected) | 921.3000 | N/A | Univariate | -10.0000--10.0000 | Double Pulse LIBS: First pulse UV (355nm, 10mJ), 2nd pulse IR (1064, 50mJ) |
| S | 1000.0000 (Minimum Concentration Detected) | 180.7000 | N/A | Univariate | -10.0000--10.0000 | Detection was possible in this region, even with up to 20cm air path between sample and spectrometer (note not optical fibre) but with Nitrogen purged spectrometer |
| Element | RMSE (ppm) | Wavelength (nm) | Calibration Method | Notes |
|---|