LIBS Info: Element Analysis
| Title | Authors | Material | Detector | Spectrometer | Software |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Optimization of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy for rapid geochemical analysis | J.M. Tucker, M.D. Dyar, M.W. Schaefer, S.M. Clegg, Roger C. Wiens | Geological | Ocean Optics LIBS2500+ | Ocean Optics LIBS2500+ | |
| Laser: | Nd:YAG 1064.0000nm 17.0000mJ 10.000Hz |
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| Gate Delay: | Noneus | ||||
| Gate Width: | Noneus | ||||
| The LIBS data was collected at the 'ChemCAM' standoff distance of 9m, from a chamber matching the Martian atmosphere (that is 7 torr CO2). Samples for analysis were ground and pressed to 35 tonnes to make pellets (no binder used). Partial Least squares, with a range of spectra processing was used for results. | |||||
| Element | Detection Limit (ppm) | Wavelength (nm) | Other Wavelengths (nm) | Calibration Method | Calibration Range (ppm) | Notes |
|---|
| Element | RMSE (ppm) | Wavelength (nm) | Calibration Method | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Si | 1.6000 % | -10.0000 | Partial Least Squares | 2 training sets (based on SiO2) abundance were used for PLS calibration |
| Al | 1.5000 % | -10.0000 | Partial Least Squares | These results were obtained using a training set split on SiO2 content. |
| Ti | 0.4000 % | -10.0000 | Partial Least Squares | A range of spectra (pre) processing steps yielded similar results. |
| Fe | 1.2000 % | -10.0000 | Partial Least Squares | These results were obtained using training sets split using SiO2 concentration. |
| Mg | 1.6000 % | -10.0000 | Partial Least Squares | This result required specific design of training and calibration sets. |
| Mn | 0.0200 % | -10.0000 | Partial Least Squares | This result was obtained by splitting the training/analysis sets into high and low SiO2. |
| Ca | 1.1000 % | -10.0000 | Partial Least Squares | A number of different spectra pre-processing achieved results similar to these. |
| Na | 0.5000 % | -10.0000 | Partial Least Squares | Best results were obtained using training and testing sets that were specifically chosen for the task. |
| P | 0.2000 % | -10.0000 | Partial Least Squares | Best results were obtained by careful choice of training and testing sets. |
| K | 0.4000 % | -10.0000 | Partial Least Squares | Best results were obtained by using carefully chosen testing and calibration sets. |