LIBS Info: Element Analysis

Title	Authors	Material	Detector	Spectrometer	Software
Multi-element and mineralogical analysis of mineral ores using laser induced breakdown spectroscopy and chemometric analysis	D.L. Death, A.P. Cunningham, L.J. Pollard	Geological	SPEX 1877C	Princeton Instruments OMA	MATLAB
Laser:	XeCl 308.0000nm NonemJ NoneHz
Gate Delay:	0.500us
Gate Width:	2.000us
A range of geological samples from Australia and Africa are analysed used chemometric techniques (primarily PCA and PCR). The Australian iron ore samples are analysed as chips (up to 15mm) placed on a rotating petri dish (leading to analysis height difference of 5-6mm). Other samples (African and Nickel laterite bore) were ring milled and pressed into pellets. Repeat samples were also run to validate calibration stability/reproducibility. PCR results for Australian Iron Ore were robust and required only a fairly narrow wavelength band (<50nm). This implies that relatively simple field instrumentation could be developed for this application.

LOD
RMSEP

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Element	Detection Limit (ppm)	Wavelength (nm)	Other Wavelengths (nm)	Calibration Method	Calibration Range (ppm)	Notes
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Element	RMSE (ppm)	Wavelength (nm)	Calibration Method	Notes
Al	0.1500 %	-10.0000	Chemometric (PCR)	Analysis on up to 15mm chips in petrie dish [leading to up to 5mm variation to sample height]
Al	0.0800 %	-10.0000	Chemometric (PCR)	Analysis of powdered samples from West Africa.
Al	0.5400 %	-10.0000	Chemometric (PCR)	(Australian) Nickel Laterite ore. Note these are the results for 10 PCR.
Cl	0.1600 %	-10.0000	Chemometric (PCR)	(Australian) Nickel Laterite sample. Note this is the result using 10 PCR factors.
Co	0.0400 %	-10.0000	Chemometric (PCR)	(Australian) Nickel Laterite sample. Note this is the result using 10 PCR factors.
Cr	0.1700 %	-10.0000	Chemometric (PCR)	(Australian) Nickel Laterite sample. Note this is the result using 10 PCR factors.
Fe	0.6800 %	-10.0000	Chemometric (PCR)	Analysis on up to 15mm chips in petrie dish [leading to up to 5mm variation to sample height]
Fe	1.7100 %	-10.0000	Chemometric (PCR)	Analysis of powdered samples from West Africa.
Fe	2.4100 %	-10.0000	Chemometric (PCR)	(Australian) Nickel Laterite sample. Note this is the result using 10 PCR factors.
K	0.0040 %	-10.0000	Chemometric (PCR)	Analysis on up to 15mm chips in petrie dish [leading to up to 5mm variation to sample height]

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