LIBS Info: Element Analysis

Title Authors Material Detector Spectrometer Software
Evaluation of a compact spectrograph for in-situ and stand-off Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy analyses of geological samples on Mars missions Beatrice Salle, David A. Cremers, Sylvestre Maurice, Roger C. Wiens, Pascal Fichet Soil Ocean Optics HR2000 Ocean Optics HR2000
Laser: Nd:YAG
1064.0000nm
40.0000mJ
10.000Hz
Gate Delay: Noneus
Gate Width: Noneus
The key aspect of this work was the evaluation of spectrometers for analysis on Mars (where the atmosphere is 7 torr CO2). The low pressure atmosphere does reduce the background continuum significantly compared to atmospheric pressure measurements. Three configurations were tried - 2 in-situ analysis schemes (lens to sample 15cm), and a standoff scheme (lens to sample 5.3m). Spectrometer gating was not used, instead the spectrometer was triggered before the first last pulse. Three different HR2000 units were used to cover the spectral range of interest. These results were compared with using a commercial LIBS spectrometer (here) Samples for detection limit calculations were made by pressing the material into 32mm sample cups and pressing to 20tons.
Element Detection Limit (ppm) Wavelength (nm) Other Wavelengths (nm) Calibration Method Calibration Range (ppm) Notes
Al 57000.0000 (Stated) 396.1400 N/A Univariate Calibration -10.0000--10.0000 In situ measurement
Al 24000.0000 (Stated) 396.1400 N/A Univariate Calibration -10.0000--10.0000 Stand off analysis result.
Ba 170.0000 (Stated) 455.3900 N/A Univariate Calibration -10.0000--10.0000 In-situ analysis. RSD 25%
Ba 70.0000 (Stated) 455.3900 N/A Univariate Calibration -10.0000--10.0000 Stand off LIBS analysis. RSD 20%
Ca 2200.0000 (Stated) 393.3600 N/A Univariate Calibration -10.0000--10.0000 In-Situ LIBS analysis. RS 20%
Ca 1100.0000 (Stated) 393.3600 N/A Univariate Calibration -10.0000--10.0000 Stand-off LIBS analysis. RSD 7%
Fe 75000.0000 (Stated) 404.5800 N/A Univariate Calibration -10.0000--10.0000 In-Situ LIBS analysis. RSD 25%
Fe 30000.0000 (Stated) 404.5800 N/A Univariate Calibration -10.0000--10.0000 Stand-Off LIBS analysis. RSD 17%
K 3800.0000 (Stated) 766.4900 N/A Univariate Calibration -10.0000--10.0000 In-Situ LIBS analysis. RSD 37%
K 2000.0000 (Stated) 766.4900 N/A Univariate Calibration -10.0000--10.0000 Standoff LIBS analysis. RSD 13%
Li 20.0000 (Stated) 670.7800 N/A Univariate Calibration -10.0000--10.0000 In-Situ LIBS measurement. RSD 44%
Li 10.0000 (Stated) 670.7800 N/A Univariate Calibration -10.0000--10.0000 Standoff LIBS analysis. RSD 40%
Mg 450.0000 (Stated) 280.2700 N/A Univariate Calibration -10.0000--10.0000 In-situ LIBS measurement. RSD 22%
Mg 190.0000 (Stated) 280.2700 N/A Univariate Calibration -10.0000--10.0000 Standoff LIBS analysis. RSD 5%
Mn 450.0000 (Stated) 403.0800 N/A Univariate Calibration -10.0000--10.0000 In-Situ LIBS Analysis. RSD 27%
Mn 300.0000 (Stated) 403.0800 N/A Univariate Calibration -10.0000--10.0000 Standoff LIBS Analysis. RSD 20%
Na 600.0000 (Stated) 588.9700 N/A Univariate Calibration -10.0000--10.0000 In-Situ LIBS analysis. RSD 35%
Na 440.0000 (Stated) 588.9700 N/A Univariate Calibration -10.0000--10.0000 Standoff LIBS Analysis. RSD 25%
Si 450000.0000 (Stated) 288.1800 N/A Univariate Calibration -10.0000--10.0000 In-Situ LIBS analysis. RSD 23%
Si 90000.0000 (Stated) 288.1800 N/A Univariate Calibration -10.0000--10.0000 Standoff LIBS analysis. RSD 6%
Sr 40.0000 (Stated) 407.7800 N/A Univariate Calibration -10.0000--10.0000 In-situ LIBS analysis. RSD 29%
Sr 30.0000 (Stated) 407.7800 N/A Univariate Calibration -10.0000--10.0000 Standoff LIBS analysis. RSD 30%
Ti 4800.0000 (Stated) 398.9200 N/A Univariate Calibration -10.0000--10.0000 In-Situ LIBS analysis. RSD 44%
Ti 1000.0000 (Stated) 398.9200 N/A Univariate Calibration -10.0000--10.0000 Standoff LIBS analysis.


Element RMSE (ppm) Wavelength (nm) Calibration Method Notes